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Clinico-hematological profile of multiple myeloma in a teaching hospital - A 2 year study

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Original Article

Author Details : Naseeruddin Sheik, Sandhya Krupal Variganji, Venkata Renuka Inugati*, Pravallika Uppala, Phani Meghana Bolla

Volume : 4, Issue : 4, Year : 2019

Article Page : 305-309

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.achr.2019.058

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Abstract

Introduction: Multiple myeloma accounts for 1% of all cancers and 10-15% of all hematologic
malignancies. It is characterized by bone marrow infiltration with clonal plasma cells, production of
monoclonal immunoglobulin, and associated end-organ damage. The study aims to find out the incidence
of multiple myeloma and to study the clinico-hematological profile along with radiological features.
Materials and Methods: The present study was done both retrospectively and prospectively in 26 patients
of multiple myeloma diagnosed over a period of 2 years from June 2017 to June 2019 in our teaching
hospital. Data from hematological, biochemical, and radiological investigations were collected. For
evaluation of each case, revised International Myeloma Working Group criteria were applied.
Results: 26 patients were diagnosed during the study period, with the majority of them in the 6th decade
with age range was 41-74 years. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Most common clinical feature
was fever (50%) followed by bone pains (42%) and generalized weakness (42 %). Anemia was the most
common hematological manifestation. All the patients had ‘M band’ on serum electrophoresis, and 27% of
patients had urinary Bence Jones proteins. Among the skeletal system, the spine (63%) is the most common
site of involvement.
Conclusion: Among the 26 patients, various clinical presentations observed were pathological fracture,
infections, renal impairment, generalized weakness in addition to anemia, and bone pains. Multiple
myeloma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in old age patients presenting with such
complaints.

Keywords: Myeloma, Anemia, M band lytic lesions, Bence Jones protein.

How to cite : Sheik N, Variganji S K, Inugati V R, Uppala P, Bolla P M, Clinico-hematological profile of multiple myeloma in a teaching hospital - A 2 year study. IP Arch Cytol Histopathol Res 2019;4(4):305-309

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