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Clinicopathological study of esophageal neoplastic lesions on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

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Original Article

Author Details : Neetha Y, Sateesh Chavan S, PK Rangappa

Volume : 2, Issue : 3, Year : 2017

Article Page : 42-49

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Abstract

Introduction: Aim of the study is to know the clinicopathological features of esophageal neoplastic lesions on upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies and to document the pattern of presentation, risk factors and pathological findings for future comparison.
Materials and Method: Study includes all histopathologically confirmed benign and malignant lesions of esophagus including biopsies showing significant dysplasia and intraepithelial neoplasia without inflammatory changes.
Results: Of all upper gastrointestinal neoplastic lesions 82.85% (343 cases) were of esophageal and including dysplasia/ intraepithelial neoplasia. Most common age group affected was 7^th decade and men affected as twice as women with M: F ratio being ~ 2:1. The most common presenting complaint was dysphagia with weight loss. Most common associated habit in men was alcohol consumption and least common being betel nut chewing. Most common site biopsied was middle 1/3^rd of esophagus. Most common neoplastic lesion found was squamous cell carcinoma (84.54%), followed by dysplasia (13.12%), adenocarcinoma (1.74%) and least being adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell papilloma (0.3%, 1 case each). Most common endoscopic finding was ulceroproliferative lesion. Histologically, most of the squamous cell carcinoma was moderately differentiated. Amongst esophageal dysplasia/ intraepithelial neoplasia, all are squamous dysplasia (Esophageal Squamous Dysplasia) and majority (53.33%, 24 cases) of them showed moderate dysplasia.
Conclusion: As the incidence of esophageal SCC is high in the belt of North Karnataka and strong association with betel nut chewing, smoking and consumption of alcohol there is a need for periodic study and mass endoscopic screening programs to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with it.

Keywords: Esophageal neoplasms, Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Squamous dysplasia

How to cite : Neetha Y, Sateesh Chavan S, Rangappa P, Clinicopathological study of esophageal neoplastic lesions on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. IP Arch Cytol Histopathol Res 2017;2(3):42-49

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