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Factors affecting the distribution of glomerulonephropathies among adult Saudi patients: A single-center, biopsy-based clinico-pathological study

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Original Article

Author Details : Amal Abd El hafez*, Basem Hassan El-Esawy, Amany Mamdouh Abdelaziz, Mohamed Alaa Saleh

Volume : 4, Issue : 3, Year : 2019

Article Page : 179-186

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.achr.2019.035

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Abstract

Introduction: Glomerulonephropathies (GNs) have high burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
The distribution GNs varies significantly due to several factors.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective clinico-pathological study estimates the biopsy-proven
distribution of primary and secondary GNs and detect s the predominant patterns among adult patients who
underwent renal biopsy at Nephrology Centre, King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital, Taif City, Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia (KSA) from 2008 to 2013 with comparing data to other KSA studies and to other countries.
Analysis of possible contributing factors for variation is provided. Relevant patients’ data were collected
from hospital records. Renal biopsies stained with H&E, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), Gomori Methenamine
Silver (GMS), Masson Trichrome (MT) and immunofluorescence (IF) were examined and categorized
according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of glomerular diseases. Comparisons to
other studies were set.
Results: Primary and secondary GNs comprised 59.4% and 40.6%. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
(FSGS) was the commonest primary GN (29.3%), followed by minimal change disease (MCD, 22%)
then membranous glomerulonephropathy (MGN, 19.5%). IgA nephropathy was the least frequent (IgAN,
2.4%). Lupus nephritis (LN) was the commonest secondary GN (75%), followed by diabetic and vascular
nephropathies (DN, 17.9% ; VN, 7.1%). Spatial and temporal variations in GNs distribution existed locally
and worldwide.
Conclusion: Factors including selection criteria; biopsy rate and indications; local facilities; demographic
distribution; racial, ethnic and genetic differences; and prevalence of etiological factors contribute to
the variations of GNs distribution. National renal biopsy registry is recommended for obtaining correct
distribution of GNs leading to proper prevention and treatment.

Keywords: Distribution, Glomerulonephropathy, Renal biopsy, FSGS, Lupus nephritis.

How to cite : Hafez A A E, El-esawy B H, Abdelaziz A M, Saleh M A, Factors affecting the distribution of glomerulonephropathies among adult Saudi patients: A single-center, biopsy-based clinico-pathological study. IP Arch Cytol Histopathol Res 2019;4(3):179-186

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